Softwood IAWA List of Microscopic Features (Contin

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Softwood IAWA List of Microscopic Features (Continued)

The resin wall of cells) and growth conditions (the initial site conditions and the natural forest or plantation) the result of combined action. In most cases,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the resin cells with thick trees, the method of bypass roads A minimum axial cell (diameter of 40 ~ 100m), such as larch, spruce, Douglas fir and other genera; medium-sized cell bypass roads ( diameter of 100 ~ 170m),[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], usually found in Pinus, such as the European black pine and Scots pine; bypass roads and large cell (diameter of 170 ~ 300m) is the group and loblolly pine Pinus Qiao group characteristics, but also in radiata pine plantation, pine and other tree species in Sumatra. Construction of the normal average radial diameter of intercellular (m) 115. Note: The spindle-ray in the resin canal cells smaller than the axial bypass roads. The diameter of the radial resin ducts can be used as the main characteristics of softwood. For example, the average diameter of twisted pine is 45m, North America,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], jack pine 30 ~ 35m,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], West Spruce <35m, off the North Douglas fir <25m. Methods: In tangential section, select the appropriate size of the cell bypass roads, including the secretion of fat cell diameter measurement, including, in the widest measurement, measuring at least 10. Recommended way to record the average and range. The resin cells (intercellular Fun) 116. Thick 117. Bypass roads around the cell wall around that special parenchyma cells, especially those in the resin ducts of the cells, can not be used for bypass roads around the cell to form part of the multi-axial sheath-like structure of the parenchyma cells, resin, fat cells by the secretion generation, bypass roads to the endocrine cells. The resin cells are usually square or rectangular, bypass roads in the cell to form a continuous inner structure (epithelial cells). In Keteleeria, larch, spruce and Douglas fir and other genera (or cedar is, see feature 111) in the resin cells are usually thick-walled, with a very rigid; and Pinus species are present in all the typical thin-walled secreting cells on purpose. Note: Pinaceae by the individual is often horizontal / radial resin ducts in the resin to distinguish between the number of cells. Such as Douglas fir are the radial resin ducts have 6 or fewer fat cells secrete, 7 ~ 9 Picea, Larix are more than 12. Traumatic resin ducts in large, the secretion of fat cells Diego 30 to 60, but not as a recognition feature. Radial resin ducts around the (thick) the number of fat cells secrete large variation often (such as Picea with 5 to 14), so characteristic of the relevant information should be recorded in detail. Thick and thin clear distinction between the resin cells are sometimes difficult, because the thick-walled cells, often mixed the resin with the resin thin-walled cells, such as larch and spruce are. Invasion of the body to be filled: the resin thin-walled cells into the bypass roads in cell proliferation. Invasion of the body to be filled with the invasion of the body of the difference between filling: former deposition chamber without pits may be present in all with a thin or relatively thick-walled cells of species in the resin, such as Pinus. No clear identification of the characteristic value. 118 mineral crystal inclusions. Softwood in the presence of calcium oxalate crystals are rare, but in the case of fir and spruce and ginkgo trees and a soft pine Pinusflexilis so regularly in the emergence of an important identification characteristics. Crystal type 119. Composed of a single diamond-shaped calcium oxalate orthorhombic six or octahedral crystals; 120. Druse calcium oxalate crystals to form a compound, there are prominent crystalline part of the surface, the entire structure was a star appearance, (also known as crystal clusters); 121. In addition to diamond and other druse all but the crystal. �� - �� body in position 122. Ray 123. Axial parenchyma 124. Bypass roads connecting the cells with the cell Note: For a given softwood species, the crystal only in a single cell type. Comparison of diamond crystals commonly found in fir, cedar and spruce is a species (Pinaceae) in the edge or close to the edge of the ray cells. These cell types can not be divided in + m-4 ~ - a single type of cells are likely to find one or more crystals. Ginkgo (Ginkgo Branch) of the axial parenchyma (idioblasts idioblasts) druse can be observed. In the soft pine resin ducts in the small columnar crystals have been observed in Pinuslongaeva, bristlecone pine P. balfouriana, Bristlecone Pine P. aristata (ie P.1ongaeva) are also described. These crystals are usually polarized light or 500 times magnification optical microscope to observe. Tsuga heterophylla in the United States Tsugaheterophylla, Callitrisendlicheri, Yunnan, Torreya is the axial tracheids in sediment organic crystals have been observed, although the natural organic matter, not minerals, but should be documented. Each cell in the crystal size and number of plant should be recorded for the corresponding instructions. Tip: There is not no crystal identification features. (Applause.) * 47 *