thomas sabo charms dnr bov tpgi wqn

asbryobvrz

Nonferrous metals industry and long-term technology development plan (01)

Nonferrous metals industry and long-term technology development plan (01)
to further implement the scientific concept of development, carry out the spirit of the National Science and Technology Conference, adhere to the , support the development, to lead the future . I. Introduction nonferrous metals industry is the main mineral resources development and utilization of basic industries. Since reform and opening, in accordance with the gross domestic product and the magnificent goal of quadrupling the path of new industrialization requirements, continue to deepen reform, structural adjustment, has made remarkable achievements. Especially in the Industrial scale continuous across the industry strength has increased notably. 2000 to 2005, ten commonly used non-ferrous metal production increased by 2.08 times the average annual increase of 15.8%; in 2005 to reach 16.3 million tons, ranking first in the world for four consecutive years. Traditional strengths of the world production of tin products, 36%; tungsten, antimony, rare earth account for more than 80%. Copper material production 466 million tons, 2.92 times the 2000 average annual growth of 23.9%, more than the United States, the world; turnout has 583 million tons in 2000 to 2.69 times the average annual increase of 21.9%, ranks second in the world. Large-scale non-ferrous metals in 2005 with total assets of 688.2 billion yuan of industrial enterprises is 2.23 times the 2000 average annual growth of 17.4%; sales income 809 billion yuan, 3.71 times in 2000, average annual increase of 30.0%; 84.7 billion pre-tax profits yuan in 2000 to 5 times the average annual increase of 38%; profit of 54.3 billion yuan, 8.2 times in 2000, average annual increase of 52.3%; import and export trade volume expanded 2.27 times the average annual increase of 26.7%. China has become the largest producer of non-ferrous metals, nonferrous metals industry overall strength significantly increased. Nonferrous metals industry achievements, one by the reform and opening up the environment, and on the science and technology support. Technological progress and independent innovation as the inexhaustible motive force for development, has increasingly shown its strong economic impetus. After twenty years of unremitting struggle, encouraging the development of non-ferrous metals industry technology, enhance independent innovation capability, with remarkable results. 1, science and technology system continued to deepen, strengthen scientific and technological strength. Since science and technology system, science and technology for economic, business-oriented institutions, personnel structure adjustment, subject to optimize the structure, made significant progress in research and development. Since 2001, the entire industry by the National Science and Technology Award 41. Which won first prize in a national technical invention, the second prize 5; by the National Science and Technology Progress Award 2, second prize 33. At the national science and technology investment to maintain growth, the company's own investment in a substantial increase in research funding. A large number of scientific and technological innovations used in production, construction, into practical productive forces, made significant practical results, for the whole industry has contributed to technological upgrading. Enterprises as the mainstay of technological innovation system steadily. According to the 2004 statistics: non-ferrous industry, the industrial enterprises above the scale of 6765, sales revenue of 673 billion yuan, of which 38.515 billion yuan sales revenue of new products, the proportion of total sales revenue of 5.7%; annual science and technology investment 6.84 billion yuan, of which funding for the development of new products, 1.54 billion; percentage of sales industry-wide science and technology investment income ratio was 1.02%; with 774 patents; the whole industry of industrial enterprises to establish scientific institutions 448, these technology institutions engaged in scientific and technological activities to reach more than 16,300 people. Formed a team of technological innovation and technology development system. At the national science and technology research, major projects and focus on new product development, business is playing an increasingly important role. Jinchuan, manufacturers,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], comprehensive utilization of resources Shizhuyuan three, non-ferrous metals, new materials, new product development more and more major projects, led by enterprises, joint scientific research institutes, universities work together. At the same time, the focus of research institutes, universities and enterprises, the establishment of 16 National Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory of countries and industries, industrial test base 21, the state identified 16 enterprise technology centers, science and technology innovation for the industry create the conditions. 2, significantly higher levels of technical equipment, to accelerate industrial upgrading. Deep in the old mines looking for blind ore bodies, have made important progress, and some deep ore mine to get a breakthrough. Non-ferrous metals industry on their own, able to build large annual output of 3,000 tons of ore mine, with an annual output of 300 to 400 million tons of ore underground mining of large enterprises; independently developed a series of large-scale flotation machine (16m3 ~ 160m3) has been widely application, and has been exported abroad; Silicon to Aluminum Ratio of low concentration of silicon technology development bauxite off successfully,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and is widely used in the production, use of resources to expand the amount of aluminum to extend the duration of use. Advanced flash smelting, oxygen-enriched bath smelting, hydrometallurgy technology, copper, nickel, zinc smelting dominant; independent innovation application, changing the backwardness of lead smelting system; slurry electrolysis technology for the first successful industrial application in China; with independent intellectual property rights of a mineral diaspore Bayer, high-grade ore sintering enhancement technology, sandy alumina production technology the successful applications, greatly improving the technological level of China's alumina production. Self-development and innovation 200KA, 280KA, 320KA, 350KA series of large-scale and industrial application of pre-baked anode for new plant construction and transformation of the old plant provides advanced technology, the country has basically eliminated the outdated Soderberg. The introduction of the flash smelting furnace and the furnace were re-innovation Isaac, forming a self-innovation, in copper, nickel, lead, tin smelting play an important role. Low copper smooth development of biological extraction technology, has built an annual output of 2,000 tons of copper in 1500 and wet (biological) demonstration plant 4. Zijin Mining independent building bioleaching ton - Extraction - Wet electrolytic copper smelter has been successfully put into production. And self-development through the introduction of the combination of copper, aluminum and its alloy materials, processing technology has improved continuously. At present, can produce 250 grades of copper, more than 2,000 species, nearly 10,000 kinds of specifications; production of aluminum sheet, strip, foil, tubes, profiles, wire, etc. 18 categories, 200 kinds of alloys, 2400 varieties, 13600 specifications. Improve the performance of other rare materials, the mix, basically meet the needs of high technology and military support. 8 to 12 inches and polished silicon single crystal size gradually increased industrialization; with independent intellectual property rights of the aluminum extrusion technology and equipment, Non-ferrous metals industry in sustainable and stable development, technological advances and increased the capacity of independent innovation situation,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], should also be clearly aware that non-ferrous metals industry transition to resource-dependent economic growth, energy consumption, environmental pollution is still serious; industrial structure not reasonable, high-tech industry lags behind; the obvious contradiction between supply and demand of resources, resources, energy efficiency needs to be improved; processing of new materials still need to import high-end products; industry self-sufficiency of low key technologies, the introduction of technology in some areas the situation has not changed. In short, compared with developed countries, overall technological level of non-ferrous metals industry there is a large gap. At present, China has become the largest producer of non-ferrous metals, but not the power, a fundamental reason is the weak capacity for independent innovation. Throughout the world, the rapid development of scientific and technological revolution, enhance independent innovation capability and building an innovative non-ferrous metals industry, is the need to respond to new scientific and technological revolution; is to implement the scientific concept of development needs; is to build resource-saving and environment-friendly society needs; also need to improve international competitiveness. The next 15 years, accelerating scientific and technological development, and narrowing the gap with developed countries, a Major power shift from the non-ferrous metal production, the need to work hard. To this end, we should implement the strategy of independent innovation in all aspects of non-ferrous metals industry, and focus on enhancing independent innovation capability and international competitiveness, advance science and technology firmly placed in a prominent position in industry, the ability of independent innovation as the adjustment of industrial structure, change the growth mode of the central link. Building an innovative non-ferrous metal industry, on the one hand the opportunities facing the development of Science and Technology, with support also has many favorable conditions for scientific and technological innovation. First, by 2020 the goal of quadrupling the GDP, the total national economic sectors of non-ferrous metals, variety and quality are put forward new demands. Therefore, the urgent need to break through resources, energy and environmental constraints on development; relying on technological innovation and transformation of traditional industries and increasing product variety, improve product technology content and added value, control of the market initiative; long-term perspective, attention to cutting-edge technology, open up new areas nurture new industries. Second,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], has rich manpower resources, non-ferrous metals industry reached a total of 16 million scientific and technical personnel; R & D personnel 40 000 people, high-quality personnel continue to be strengthened; scientific and technical personnel account for a higher proportion of the workforce, located in various industrial sectors forefront. Full utilization of knowledge-based human resources, non-ferrous metals industry, science and technology, human resources support for independent innovation and intellectual assurance. Third, after 50 years of development, the establishment of a relatively complete system of non-ferrous metals technology research and development. Research institutes, universities, design institutes and improve exploration, geological, mining, smelting materials processing disciplines, such as a more reasonable allocation, research and development facilities, apparatus, equipment used in supporting, in particular since the reform and opening up, international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation more active, providing the use of domestic and international scientific and technological resources of the two kinds of good environment,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], with the basic conditions for technological development. Fourth, it has good conditions for scientific and technological resources, a focus on human, material and financial resources to organize scientific and technological tradition and experience. As long as enterprises, research institutes, universities, research joint up in the important areas of non-ferrous metals, adhere to the integrated innovation, absorption and innovation-based, have a choice to organize the original innovation, and catch up, in the near future, you can catch up advanced in the world.
more exciting work, please show trainees: [link widoczny dla zalogowanych]