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Problems of cross-strait economic and trade development and improvement

Abstract: Since 1979, since resuming cross-strait economic and trade relations,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], especially in the open after an interaction, in the Taiwan Strait Gejie concerted efforts in all fields Jingmao exchanges Buduan the rapid and successful development Erju Looking ahead, the momentum Gengjia rapidly. With the pace of the mainland's WTO accession approaching, tensions in cross-strait political atmosphere in the cross-strait economic and trade exchanges and more attention. But we should also be noted that cross-strait economic and trade exchanges, there are still many problems in the future development need to be adjusted to improve. I am from the cross-strait economic and trade relations status quo hand, it analyzed the existing problems and future prospects, while specific measures for improvement. Keywords cross-cyclical \efforts of economic and trade exchanges in all fields continue to flourish rapidly. But we should also be noted that cross-strait economic and trade exchanges, there are still many problems in the future development need to be adjusted to improve. This paper from the status quo of cross-strait economic and trade relations, analyzes the problems which come and look to the future development prospects in the same time, specific measures for improvement. A cross-strait trade and economic development status and problems of (a) the status of cross-strait economic and trade development although the Taiwan authorities,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], \\ The end of 1998, total indirect cross-strait trade totaled more than 136.9 billion U.S. dollars. The Chinese mainland has overtaken the U.S. as a major source of Taiwan's trade surplus. 1999 is China's political years and five years of Macao's return to the cross-strait economic and trade relations Daqing thriving vitality, although the Taiwan authorities dished out the \Trade with 14.5% growth rate, annual indirect trade reached 23.48 billion U.S. dollars the total amount of cross-strait trade dependence has risen to 11.1%, of which Taiwan's export dependence on the mainland increased to 17.5%, import trade dependence is increased to 4.1%. Currently, Taiwan is mainland's second largest import market and the large trade deficit of origin; mainland China (including Hong Kong) is Taiwan's second largest export market and largest trade surplus source. 1998, the Taiwanese investment in Mainland China 2900 number, the actual investment reached 3.04 billion U.S. dollars. January 1999 to November, the National newly approved amount of Taiwan investment reached 2.78 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of more than 13% over the same period last year. This year, Taiwan's post-disaster reconstruction and a number of major works of folk have completed, civil Touzi rate continues to Tigao; the same time, Taiwan's Tai earthquake right to bring the island Xinxichanpin of Sheng Chan Chong Ji To spread risks, Taiwan continues to have the production bases to the mainland, the mainland has become the first choice for investment outside Taiwan. (B) the problems of cross-strait economic and trade development Throughout the development of cross-strait economic and trade relations, we Cautious: The joy is that cross-strait economic and trade relations are thriving hard to resist, excellent is the development of cross-strait economic and trade relations, there are still some problems. 1. The trade imbalance between the two sides, Taiwan to the mainland long-term surplus. Trade patterns between the two sides basically maintain Taiwan's exports (mainland imports) was higher than Taiwan's imports (exports to the mainland), and the difference growing. Taiwan share the mainland's export trade has been high, except in 1979 were higher than 60% foreign. From 1979 to 1999, 21 years, Taiwan's export trade 80% higher than the proportion of 15 years, accounting for 78.45 percent average, showing rising trend, and thus their corresponding share of imports from the mainland, Taiwan is relatively lower and the downward trend. Therefore, the cross-strait trade is very unbalanced, with the exception of 1979, the Taiwan has been in a \In 1980, the cross-strait balance of trade was only 164 million U.S. dollars, to 15.58 billion U.S. dollars in 1999 rose to 20 years increased by 94 times, the end of 1999, total trade surplus with Taiwan to the mainland totaled 103 639 000 000 dollars. If less surplus on the mainland, then Taiwan's foreign trade since 1993 has begun into a deficit. China's external trade deficit in recent years about 20% from the amount of trade deficit with Taiwan. Reasons, partly because the Taiwan authorities to implement the \To the end of 1992, the Taiwan authorities to open only 158 indirect import of mainland agricultural and industrial raw materials, accounting for a tiny percentage of Taiwan's imports; December 22, 1999 Taiwan's departments at the \goods from mainland China, but only 12 passed. In contrast, the Taiwan authorities to allow almost all products exported by indirect way to the mainland. On the other hand insist on open-door policy China, from 1980 to the first unilateral opening of the mainland market, and to take \need variety, quality, price level under the same circumstances, give priority to imports from Taiwan. 2. Cross-strait trade based on indirect trade, direct trade has yet to open. Misgivings about the Taiwan authorities,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], has yet to open direct trade,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], which mainly to maintain the current indirect trade through Hong Kong. However, the direct cross-strait trade is not there, but it has long been the only direct trade as the Taiwan authorities to set all kinds of barriers preventing the development so slow, transaction amount is small, mainly in Fujian, Guangdong and Zhejiang coastal appear civil maritime trade, also known as \But this is not what we call the real direct trade. To cross-strait \ 3. The indirect trade cyclical fluctuations, and large fluctuations. Although since 1979 by the Taiwan \A 90 maintained a high level of growth. But this rapid growth is to achieve substantial cyclical fluctuations, and indeed is the uneven development in leaps and bounds. 1979-1983 is the \.4%, the lowest for the 13.3%, 136.7% of span; 1987-1990 year is \is \steady growth rate of 9.5% from the beginning, all the way down slightly, dropped 3.4% in 1998; since 1999 began a new cycle, the starting point is the growth rate of 14.5%. Cyclical cross-strait trade caused by the reasons come from two aspects: First, from policy factors, the mainland and Taiwan on cross-strait trade to take measures to restrict or encourage a direct response to the indirect trade in the subsequent growth rates on the rise and fall; second factor stems from the role of investment in the normalization of cross-strait trade relations into the path of development, the growing role of this factor, each of the arrival of a trade are all high investment in the mainland by Taiwan businessmen driven boom. In the new era of expansion, the indirect trade to reduce volatility and maintain sustained and rapid growth, is placed in the Taiwan Strait before the grim reality that can not be avoided. 4. Commodity composition of cross-strait trade is not quite reasonable, is not conducive to narrowing the gap between cross-strait trade. Mainland exports to Taiwan main livelihood of the people with goods and textile goods, home appliances, including Chinese herbal medicines for the largest, accounting for 33.4% of gross output, the second is the fish, accounting for 27.54%, cigarettes accounted for 10.07%, ranking third, only three products on the mainland to Taiwan accounted for more than 70% change of exports. Product exports to the mainland and Taiwan, mainly concentrated in electrical, mechanical and industrial raw materials and spare parts, including man-made fibers, gauze accounted for 40.96%, the electrical and electronic components accounted for 10.15%, 9.74% of plastic raw materials, 8.49% machinery and equipment, these products accounted for Taiwan exports to the mainland for nearly 70%. This shows that cross-strait trade commodity structure shows the backward areas of the advanced industrial zone forms. Low value-added products from the mainland, Taiwan's exports of value-added products is relatively high, thus not conducive to narrowing the gap between cross-strait trade imbalance. Recent years, the mainland exports to Taiwan products and high added value products such as mechanical and electrical products and parts with a certain increase in exports from Taiwan to the mainland there is a degree of technical content to improve cross-strait trade in goods structure rationalized on the basis of complementarity, but the adjustment of commodity structure of trade is still one of the cross-strait problems to be solved. 5. Long-term maintenance of a one-way investment between the two sides, and the investment structure is not rational. A long time, the Taiwan authorities to pursue the \That Taiwan investment in the mainland. Currently, the island 40% of total foreign investment in the mainland market, manufacturing over 70% of the manufacturers to invest in mainland China. Shows that Taiwan investment on the mainland market is highly dependent. The introduction of the Taiwanese mainland only be introduced less than 8% of the total, the dependence of Taiwan capital is not very high. This one-way investment conditions for Taiwanese businesses, a great risk. From the investment structure, the Taiwanese investments in mainland China-based production projects,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], supplemented by the service industry; in-house production projects, mainly labor-intensive industries, and technology-intensive industries Few investment projects. This structure and the \So, the mainland, the Taiwanese industrial structure to strengthen guidance consultation a top priority. Second, cross-strait trade and economic development prospects 1. The steady growth of cross-strait trade, the scale will continue to expand. 1999 年 11 15, Sino-US WTO agreement is for the mainland joined the WTO to remove the biggest obstacle, May 20, 2000, China and the EU reached a WTO agreement has accelerated the process of the mainland joined the WTO the mainland joined the WTO just around the corner. It is reported that Taiwan will join the WTO in China, with its \ The two sides join the WTO, according to the principle of reciprocity must be given to each other MFN and national treatment, non-discriminatory conditions in the economic and trade activities; according to the principle of tariff concessions, both sides must be bound import tariffs have been committed in level, shall be arbitrarily increased to prevent the export of other commodities; under GATT Article 11, parties may not use quotas or export licensing, and other measures to right right direction of one's own side of the import and export commodities quantitative restrictions. Therefore, Taiwan will have to further open markets, exports to the mainland and Taiwan, the same treatment given to Taiwan's exports to the mainland and the island of goods sold goods the same treatment, which is bound to expand the space for the mainland's exports to Taiwan; mainland has undertaken to join the WTO, the tariff level will be reduced progressively and gradually to withdraw 10% of non-tariff imports, Taiwan and the mainland with the language, customs connected edge, can pre-empt a lot of their products into the mainland market. In general, joined the WTO, cross-strait trade will be steady growth, the scale will continue to expand. 2. Very long-term cross-strait trade imbalance will be improved. Great atmosphere in the WTO norms, the Taiwan authorities have established regulations to restrict cross-strait trade to drop, \In addition, in accordance with the WTO's non-discrimination principle, Taiwan would have to give up the \The comparative advantage of mainland products will be a steady stream of input to the Taiwan market, a change in the past, \deficit, long-term cross-strait trade imbalance will be greatly improved.
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