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SME is to promote economic growth, an important force to promote employment. My Government has always valued and supported the development of SMEs, the central government for this to develop and implement a series of financial support and tax policy, to promote the development of small and medium enterprises play a positive role.
First, the six special funds to support the development of SMEs
(1) SME Technology Innovation Fund. Established in 1999, mainly to free financing, loan interest subsidies, capital investment, etc., to support SME technology innovation,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], promote scientific and technological achievements, support for SME training and technical services to provide public agencies, and guide entrepreneurs institutional investors in early-stage science and technology to small and medium investments. As of the end of 2007, central government will spend 7.65 billion to support projects (enterprises) about 1.1 million.
The key support for a large number of funds and strong independent innovation, high technology, good market prospects, with independent intellectual property rights, can form the core competitiveness of the scientific and technological innovation projects, as well as SME Technology Innovation social activities, professional services of public technology service organization. Acceptance by the project has been completed and current projects under implementation for statistical analysis, independent innovation capability and industrial capacity have been significantly improved, not only full play the guiding role of the central government, but also effectively promote the transformation of scientific results obtained good economic and social benefits.
(2) SME international marketing fund. Established in 2000, earmarked for support to SMEs to participate in overseas exhibitions; enterprise management system certification; all kinds of product certification; foreign patent applications; international marketing promotion; outside advertising and trademark registration; overseas market research; overseas investment (proposed) Standard; corporate training. As of the end of 2007, central government funding arrangements to open up international markets for SMEs 5.88 billion yuan.
In recent years, SMEs international market development funds from overseas exhibitions, certification, overseas marketing, new market development, training and seminars, overseas investment (proposed) standard and other 6 categories, 19 small classes provide support for SMEs, SMEs not only to seize the key to develop the international market, but also strong operational, access to positive evaluation of the enterprise.
(3) Agriculture Science and Technology funds. Established in 2001 to support the covering of food crops, cash crops, animal husbandry and aquaculture, fruit ecological water,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], agricultural products processing, agriculture and other agricultural equipment and information before, during, and post fields. As of the end of 2007, the central government arranged Agriculture Science and Technology Capital 20 billion.
Agriculture Science and Technology funding arrangements made good use of results, support a large number of independent intellectual property rights, high level of technology, with industrial prospects, growth and good agricultural science and technology projects; improve the ability of independent research and development, and promote scientific and technological achievements in agriculture transformation, promote development of agricultural enterprises; promote local and community achievements of agricultural technology support and funding; enhance the competitiveness of agriculture, increasing farmers income.
(4) SME service system of special subsidies. Established in 2003 to support small and medium enterprises to carry out services related to services to promote SME development. 2003? 2007, arrangements for the central budget funds 50 million yuan each year, issued at the end of 2007 has accumulated 2.5 billion of funds.
Since the establishment of funds, the central government with the relevant departments focus on the following work: First, training services, including entrepreneurship training, small and medium business management and professional technical personnel training, training of SME employees in service organizations and government departments directly involved in the management of SMEs staff training; second credit services, including the establishment of SME credit files, to carry out collection and evaluation of SME credit and credit activities; Third, business services and support services to small and medium business founded to provide guidance to small and medium enterprises, comprehensive services and other activities; four is management consulting services, services for SMEs to improve the management level of SMEs undertaken management consulting, business diagnosis, information services and other activities.
Main results: First, the technical backbone of SMEs and enhance the overall quality of management and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises, the second is to improve the SME credit awareness and credit capacity, and promote the SME credit system construction and the third is formed a comprehensive service to small and medium enterprises as the core, in close cooperation with the professional services of the business service network to start promoting employment, four is to improve the management level of SMEs, small and medium enterprises in China to enhance and improve the information network services, information technology support for SMEs.
(5) SME development funds. Established in 2004, mainly to support the professional development of small and medium enterprises, the cooperation with large enterprises, technological progress and the promotion of SME credit guarantee system and so on. As of the end of 2007, the central government arranged 950 million yuan of special funds for this.
SME development funds shift focus to support SMEs development and speed up structural adjustment, promote energy conservation of new products, new technology development and application, and guide SMEs to take the "specialized, sophisticated, special, new" road, to encourage SMEs SME credit guarantee institutions to provide loan guarantees for the service, support, participation of SMEs in the China International SME Fair to enhance the competitiveness of the SME market. According to the support enterprises (projects) to track, special funds and technological progress in the promotion of small and medium enterprises, structural adjustment, industrial upgrading, information technology has played an important role.
(6), SMEs platform special subsidies for-service system. Established in 2004 to support public service platform for SMEs all over the building. Include: purchase of the advanced, general character, the expenditure for technological achievements; information acquisition expenditures; the necessary equipment purchase expenses; software development or acquisition costs; to expand scope of services necessary for renovation of existing space spending. 2004? 2006, the central budget arrangements for 50 million yuan each year. 2007 central budget for 60 million yuan. As of the end of 2007 issued 210 million yuan has been accumulated.
Main results: First, to provide financing guarantees for SMEs to effectively alleviate the bottleneck of the development of SMEs in financing. Second is to enhance the quality of SME owner management, and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises, SMEs and the third is to provide timely, effective legal advocacy services, safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises, the four explore the new capital market financing ideas and new models, an increase of corporate finance new channels, Five is to promote the restructuring of SMEs and industrial upgrading, better able to adapt to the intensity of the national macro-control and rhythm.
This year, the overall plan of the State Council, the development of SMEs to help solve difficulties and problems faced by the central government to actively adopt and improve policies and measures to further strengthen their support. The central budget this year, 3.51 billion yuan of special funds for SMEs, to support the healthy development of SMEs.
Second, the development of tax policy burdens for SMEs
In recent years, SMEs in the development process to reduce the tax burden, the central government issued a series of preferential tax policies for small and medium enterprises.
(1) meet the requirements of the small profit business will pay 20% income tax.
(2) increase since 2002, value added tax,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], business tax threshold. First, the VAT threshold will sell goods ranging from 600-2000 yuan monthly sales increased to 2000-5000 yuan; the sales of taxable services of VAT threshold ranges from 200-800 yuan monthly sales increased to 1,500 -3000 yuan; the VAT minimum threshold pay-per-tax rate by the time (day) sales increased to 50-80 million each (days) 150-200 yuan. The second is to schedule the business tax rate from the monthly sales tax threshold increased to 200-800 yuan 1000-5000 yuan; the transaction basis of the business tax threshold from the time (days) Turnover increased to 50 yuan each ( day) Turnover 100.
(3) to encourage venture capital companies to invest in small high-tech enterprises, the new enterprise income tax law, venture capital companies to take equity investment in unlisted small and medium high-tech enterprises more than 2 years, in accordance with its investment in 70% of the amount of Equity holders of at least 2 years of the venture capital business year offset taxable income; not enough, the deduction can be deducted in future tax years over.
(4) enterprises, social groups and individuals by social forces such as social welfare organizations and national authorities to the Ministry of SME Technology Innovation Fund Management Center for SME Technology Innovation Fund, donations, companies Corporate income should be within 12% of taxable income the part of individuals to declare personal income tax in the taxable income of less than 30% of the parts are allowed in the calculation of income tax deductible.
(5) business enterprises, service enterprises (except for the advertising industry, real estate agents, mortgage, sauna, massage, oxygen bar outside), labor and employment service enterprises in the processing enterprise and the nature of neighborhoods and communities with the processing of small business entities, in the new increase in jobs in that year the newly recruited to the "re-employment concession card" personnel, the contract with more than 1 year term labor contracts and pay social insurance premiums according to the law, according to the actual number of strokes to be fixed by order of business tax deduction, city maintenance and construction tax , additional education and corporate income tax. Fixed standard of 4,000 yuan per person per year, all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities according to the actual situation in the region, plus or minus 20% of this standard to determine the specific fixed criteria.
In addition, the implementation of the central government introduced the country to support the high-tech industries need to focus on the reduced rate of 15% income tax on business investment and construction meet the "Guiding Catalogue of Industrial Structure Adjustment" in the encouraged category in the project, the importing country can not be produced equipment,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], within the provisions of customs duties and import VAT on domestic production and the shortage of some much-needed raw materials and parts significantly reduce import tariff rates, improving part of the textile and garment export tax rebate rate and other policy measures, but also effectively support the development of SMEs.
Third, support efforts to improve the financing guarantee system for SMEs
Since 2006, the central government in the development of SMEs in the arrangement of specific expenditures of special funds to support SME credit guarantee business development, and gradually establish compensation mechanisms for SME loan guarantee. First, the SME credit guarantee institutions guarantee business, the loan guarantee does not exceed 1% of the total proportion of reward to encourage SMEs to provide security services around its efforts to expand the size of small and medium enterprises to obtain loans; the second is the rate of security lower than the bank benchmark lending rate over the same period 30% of the business, according to security operations related to the amount of proportion no higher than 0.5% of premium subsidies given, efforts to reduce the cost of financing for SMEs. 2006-2007,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the central government arranged 238 million, supporting 266 guarantee agencies. In 2008, the central budget for 200 million yuan. In addition, included in the scope of the non-profit national pilot SME credit guarantees, re-guarantee institutions, their income obtained in the guarantee business, three years be exempted from business tax.
Fiscal policy on the security industry has played an active role in guiding and enhanced anti-risk ability of security agencies, security agencies to effectively inspire guarantee loans for SMEs initiative to promote the security industry to develop normally. 2006 SME guarantee operations carried out in total about 700 billion yuan, accounting for guarantee institutions guarantee 22% of total business. In 2007 The central government allocated 188 million to support the 188 security agencies, security agencies accounted for about 5% of the total number of households.
At the same time, enhance the creditworthiness of SMEs, the financial institutions expanded the scale of credit to SMEs, to ease the financing of SMEs and the difficult security issues played a positive role.
Central government to promote employment and reemployment policies and measures, also contributed to the development of labor-intensive small enterprises. Since 2002, China's laid-off workers implemented a small secured loan policy, established by local funds to provide security guarantees and the central financial discount, support and encourage the banks to meet the conditions laid-off workers and absorb laid-off workers in labor-intensive small businesses loans. In 2006, a micro-loan guarantees to further improve the policy, labor-intensive small businesses to recruit qualified small loans met the conditions of the staff of more than 30% of active employees may apply for subsidized loans amount to 100 million. As of the end of 2007, the national balance of 9.852 billion yuan small loans, the central government allocation of small loans total of 1.163 billion yuan of funds discount. In 2008, subsidized loans to the amount of labor-intensive small enterprises to expand to 200 million, while the establishment of loan incentives and risk compensation mechanism, to further develop the policy effects of small loans.