TSE and FLASH T2 weighted images in the cervical s

e707004304 · Wysłany: Czw 12:34, 03 Mar 2011

TSE and FLASH T2 weighted images in the cervical spine in the application of contrast

More than 180 after pulse excitation. Vein scan to reduce motion artifacts leaving and to alleviate the flow of the liquid phase caused by the application of pseudo-red flip,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], that when asked in an effective echo signal is repeated within the film,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], but in the spinal canal stenosis, CSF pulsation artifact is still larger . Author: 5I8020 Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Medical College Hospital,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Yiu Chun people cT = urgently room look stupid Lu Rui Zhen transcript of the tomb of § capsule ultra heavy rain to pay down construction dipped meet unexpectedly Joseph Li 1 § s 10FLASH is a 2D gradient echo A, characterized by applying different after the data acquisition phase pulse amplitude of the disturbance, removal of the transverse magnetization vector retention period, it is read out by turning the formation of gradient echo sequence used to replace the 180 sE. Composite pulse, and the beginning of each sequence using small-angle excitation pulse (Excitation pulse, thus leaving part of the longitudinal magnetization vector has not been damaged. FL ~ SH sequence,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the echo amplitude reduction reflects the range of field inhomogeneity and the combined effects of T2 dephasing caused, arising from the combined effects of this signal attenuation is called T1. Significantly shorter than T, the use of small-angle excitation pulse the longitudinal magnetization vector recovered rapidly,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], with much shorter than the sE TR sequence can be removed | Ⅱ contrast effect, with <30. The excitation pulse shorter TR and TE. You can get FLASH. With significantly shorter, which determines the sequence is not sensitive to the intervertebral disc degeneration. FLASH absence of l80. Pulse, the time over the effect of significantly reduced due to loss of signal, such as streaming l77 · moving protons in the surface coil can be received within the current generation of proton group signal in the shear layer does not have to, even if the proton group has left the cut level, all excitation of the proton MR signal can be formed, which can eliminate the cerebrospinal fluid pulsation artifacts. The group of 76 patients in the TSE sequence in 63 cases showed intervertebral disk degeneration asking, FLASH sequence shown in only 6 cases; by the cases of the spinal canal stenosis, CSF pulsation artifact is particularly serious, so that in conventional spin echo (sE ) sequences and rapid wave of white cycles (rISE) the sequence B can not obtain a satisfactory weighted imaging, imaging through fast small-angle (FLASH) technique can be. Therefore, we believe that, under normal circumstances, TSE sequence can be used as cervical T: weighted images of the normal sequence, in case of spinal stenosis CSF pulsation artifact case of large, one should do FLASHT weighted image. (Received: 20oo a 07-09 Revised :2000-09-23) a common complication of vascular interventional treatment of Wen Xi Rong Zheng Jiakun play Lan Xie Zhaoxiong Guo-Ping Xu Hui Chen Shengliang LAM Man Chung Wong Fung Abstract Objective vascular intervention treatment complications, discuss the causes and prevention methods. Methods in our hospital in February 1991 to 99 November 1887 on the side views of the interventional treatment of vascular complications occurred in 78 cases, divided into intubation factors, drug factors and intravascular injection paralysis Gui analysis of three factors. Conclusions Treatment of vascular intervention treatment is a micro-plane areas of injury, most well more serious complications, complications are related to operating methods and technical proficiency and experience related. Key words vascular intervention, complications in our hospital since February 1991 to carry out treatment of patients with vascular interventional times 1887 cases, which occurred with the intervention-related complications of 78 cases. Are to different types of treatment-induced complications reported in the following: Materials and Methods complications of puncture factors: the group of factors of complications caused by catheterization in 32 cases, including vascular puncture site bleeding (large hematoma diameter greater than 10cm) 2 cases of subcutaneous hematoma (diameter less than 5cm) 8 cases of misuse of human vascular dissection catheter l0 cases, 6 cases of vascular intimal injury, intravascular catheter knot in the l case, the broken catheter in the vessel l cases 2 cases of femoral artery thrombosis, heart puncture break tamponade in 2 cases. Factors of contrast agent perfusion complications: There were complications due to contrast agent or drug-induced perfusion in 5 patients, of which due to vertebral artery and internal carotid artery angiography artery spasm induced by reperfusion after a transient disturbance of consciousness 2 patients, perfusion 2 cases of liver damage, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage l cases of thrombolytic therapy. Embolic complications of factors: the group of factors for thrombosis in 41 cases of complications, including severe pain, vomiting embolization area in 35 cases, cystic artery caused by errors tied cholecystitis in 2 cases, paralysis caused by spinal artery l cases of mistaken bolt, upper gastrointestinal bleeding 2 cases of cerebral arteriovenous malformation embolization micro-catheter into the silk line brain hemorrhage in 1 case. Author: 521o @ o City, Guangdong Province, center of pressure toward the intervention radiology Wan (Wen Xi Rong, Xu Lan play, Chen Shengliang, yellow wind); Department of Neurosurgery (Zhengjia Kun, Han Xiaocong); general surgery (Xiezhao Xiong, Guo-Ping Xu)